Psoríase Pustulosa Generalizada em Portugal: Perspetivas de Peritos sobre o Percurso do Doente, Diagnóstico, Objetivos Terapêuticos e Otimização dos Cuidados de Saúde
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.24535Palavras-chave:
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico, Custo da Doença, Gestão da Doença, Portugal, Psoríase/diagnóstico, Psoríase/epidemiologia, Psoríase/tratamento farmacológicoResumo
A psoríase pustulosa generalizada (PPG) é uma doença cutânea inflamatória rara, grave e potencialmente fatal, associada a elevada morbilidade e a um significativo impacto nos cuidados de saúde. Os surtos agudos requerem tratamento rápido e eficaz para prevenir complicações graves, incluindo hospitalização e morte. Este trabalho pretendeu recolher contributos de um painel português de peritos sobre a gestão da PPG, com enfoque no percurso do doente, abordagens diagnósticas, objetivos terapêuticos e utilização de recursos em saúde. Este estudo qualitativo recolheu contributos detalhados de sete dermatologistas, geograficamente distribuídos por Portugal, durante uma reunião virtual realizada em junho de 2025. Foram identificados vários desafios críticos na gestão da PPG, incluindo atrasos no diagnóstico, falta de conhecimento da doença por parte de não dermatologistas, acesso limitado a terapêuticas inovadoras e percursos de referenciação inconsistentes. O painel de peritos destacou a necessidade de tratamento urgente dos surtos, melhoria dos protocolos diagnósticos, referenciação sistemática dos doentes com PPG para centros especializados, melhor coordenação entre níveis de cuidados e acesso mais célere a terapêuticas com eficácia comprovada. O spesolimab foi destacado pelo seu potencial para reduzir os custos a longo prazo com cuidados de saúde, ao diminuir o tempo de hospitalização, a necessidade de cuidados intensivos e reduzir o risco de complicações - fatores que, em conjunto, contribuem para uma utilização mais eficiente dos recursos e para a redução global dos custos. Esta análise de peritos destaca estratégias acionáveis para otimizar os cuidados à PPG em Portugal, enfatizando o diagnóstico precoce, o início atempado de tratamento eficaz, a melhoria da colaboração multidisciplinar e a implementação de reformas no sistema de saúde como prioridades-chave para melhorar os resultados clínicos, aumentar a eficiência na utilização de recursos e reduzir o impacto global da PPG.
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