Iron Deficiency and Obesity – Are we Diagnosing with Appropriate Indicators?

Authors

  • Ana Margarida Monteiro Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Vera Fernandes Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Cláudia Matta-Coelho Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Sílvia Paredes Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Maria Lopes Pereira Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga. Consulta Multidisciplinar de Obesidade. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Olinda Marques Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga.
  • Marta Alves Departamento de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Braga. Braga. Consulta Multidisciplinar de Obesidade. Hospital de Braga. Braga.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.8916

Keywords:

Ferritins/deficiency, Iron/deficiency, Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity

Abstract

Introduction: We aim to define the iron deficiency prevalence and eventual differences between obese patients with and without metabolic syndrome.
Material and Methods: Analysis of patients evaluated at multidisciplinary consultation of obesity in our institution between 2013 and 2015 (n = 260). Iron deficiency: ferritin levels < 15 ng/mL. Exclusion criteria: prior bariatric surgery; lack of ferritin or hemoglobin determinations.
Results: We analyzed data from 215 patients (84.2% female) with a mean age of 42.0 ± 10.3 years. The median body mass index was 42.5 (40.0 - 46.8) kg/m2 and 52.1% had metabolic syndrome. Iron deficiency was present in 7.0%, with no differences between genders or between patients with or without metabolic syndrome. Hypertension was associated with lower prevalence of iron deficiency. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension patients had higher levels of ferritin. The multivariate analysis showed that metabolic syndrome and increasing body mass index were predictive of higher risk of iron deficiency while hypertension predicted lower odds of iron deficiency.
Discussion: The prevalence of iron deficiency was similar in other published studies. Iron deficiency may be underdiagnosed if based only on ferritin concentrations. In our study, diabetes and hypertension appear to contribute to the increase in ferritin levels described in obesity.
Conclusion: Ferritin may not be a reliable index for evaluating iron stores in obese patients, particularly when associated with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Further studies are needed to guide the diagnosis and iron supplementation in these patients.

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Published

2018-09-28

How to Cite

1.
Monteiro AM, Fernandes V, Matta-Coelho C, Paredes S, Lopes Pereira M, Marques O, Alves M. Iron Deficiency and Obesity – Are we Diagnosing with Appropriate Indicators?. Acta Med Port [Internet]. 2018 Sep. 28 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];31(9):478-82. Available from: https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/8916

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Section

Original